評論
打印
So what's happening?
這里發生了什么呢
Well, the flame heats up the elements giving them more thermal energy
火焰加熱這些單質，讓它們具有更多熱能
This excites the electrons from their ground or lower energy state
這會將電子從較低能量的基態激發到
to an excited or higher energy state
較高能量的激發態
This is what that looks like
大致是這樣
Since energy cannot be created or destroyed
由于能量無法創生或毀滅
and energy that was absorbed by the atom
原子所吸收的能量
must be emitted again as the electron returns to the ground state
必然會在電子返回基態時釋放出來
This energy is emitted as light
這些能量會以光的形式釋放
So why do different elements have different colored flames?
為什么不同單質燃燒產生了不同顏色的火焰呢
Because the difference in energy between the ground state and the excited state
這是因為基態和激發態之間的能差
is unique for each element
對于每種元素是不同的
And what does energy have to do with it?
能量同這有什么關系呢
Well, the human eye perceives photons or light particles
人眼會將不同能量的光子
of different energies as different colors
分辨為不同的顏色
So red light is a lower energy than yellow
紅光比黃光能量要低
which is a lower energy than blue
黃光又比藍光能量低
Think about it like a rainbow spectrum
可以用彩虹光譜來考慮
So energy increases along the spectrum
沿光譜往前，能量會遞增
Red is low energy light
紅光是低能量的光
and violet is high energy light
而紫光是高能量的光
Going back to our atoms' energy levels
回到這些原子的能級
if the difference between the ground state and the excited state is smaller
如果基態和激發態之間的能差較小
the light particle is of lower energy
光子的能量就會較低
and we see that as a redder light
這時看到的光會偏紅
Conversely
相反
if the energy gap is larger
如果能差較大
the light particle is of higher energy
光子能量就會較高
and we see that as bluer light
我們看到的光就會偏藍
And this is a simplified picture of what's happening
這只是一幅簡圖
Each element has a unique set of excited states which
每種元素都有獨特的激發態
each leads to a different pattern of light
導致不同的光的樣式
which we see as red, green, yellow, etc
導致我們這里看到了紅色，綠色，黃色，等等
Hope you enjoyed the video and I'll see you next time
但愿大家喜歡這個視頻，下次再見
