Hey everyone, this is Stephane Fouche from Talkways
大家好,我是來自Talkways的Stephane
Today, we are going to talk about my favorite topics, and it has to do with languages
今天我們要講的是我最感興趣的話題,它跟語言相關
Languages, that’s a very vast topic,so we are going to cater it to stereotypes
不過語言是個很大的話題,我們今天要講的是Stereotypes
So I remember when I first came into China
我記得我第一次來中國的時候
I was talking to my co-workers, talking to some friends
在跟幾個同事和朋友聊天
and I asked them to teach me some basic words in Chinese
我讓他們教我一些基礎的中文
You would think that they would teach me how to say thank you
一般人會覺得,他們會教我說謝謝
or like hello, simple words, but no
或者是你好,這些比較簡單的,但是不
They went straight into the stereotypes and they went deep into the story
他們直接跟我講了在中國常用的Stereotypes(昵稱),內容非常深刻
The first word that I learned in Chinese was Gaofushuai
我學到的第一句中文是“高富帥”
So you have your rich, your handsome, and your tall, your beautiful man
有一個很富有的,英俊的,高大的男人
who is looking for someone
他在找他的另外一半
That someone is the Baifumei
這一半肯定是“白富美”
Once he gets the Baifumei, and spends a little bit of time with her, and throws the Baifumei away
當他得到白富美,跟她在一起一段時間之后,會拋棄白富美
She becomes the Heimuer
白富美就變成“黑木耳”了
The funny thing about the Heimuer, aside from the name, is that there is someone else
有趣的是,黑木耳也有她的另一半
You have the Gaofushuai, and you have the opposite of the Gaofushuai
高富帥的對立面
Which is the Diaosi
也就是屌絲
The Diaosi sees this chance and goes for the Baifumei
當白富美變成黑木耳
That is now, as we know it, the Heimuer, and tries to go for that
屌絲覺得自己的機會終于來了,并去追求
But sometimes, the Diaosi still doesn’t get the girl
但是大部分時候,屌絲還是沒有女朋友
So what happens at the end?
最后會發生什么呢?
So, the Diaosi puts his head down, lifts it up, and admits that he’s a Jiyou
屌絲把頭低下去想想,抬起頭來,承認自己是基友
So this is the first story that I pretty much heard in China
以上是我來到中國之后聽到的第一個故事
My friends taught me all these words, so I would go to a club and I would be like
我學了這些詞匯之后,就可以在去酒吧玩的時候靈活運用
“Wo bu shi gao fu shuai, dan wo ye bu shi diao si, wo shi Stephane”
我不是高富帥,但我也不是屌絲,我是Stephane
The girl would look at me, ohhh, asking, how does he know all these words
然后身邊女孩就會很驚訝的說,啊他怎么會這些中文
But from a more serious note
但從一個更嚴肅的角度來看看這件事情
if you are comparing stereotypes in China in stereotypes in the U.S.
如果你對比一下中國和美國的Stereotypes(昵稱)
There is a small little difference
你會發現一些小小的不同
If you in the US you have your typical nerd
在美國,最常用的昵稱有“Nerd書呆子”
You have the geek, which is similar to the nerd
然后有“Geek極客”,跟“Nerd書呆子”有一點相似
You have your jock, which is your buff guy, who’s the one that plays sports and so on
還有“Jock運動帥哥”,一個身體健壯,熱愛運動的人
You have your preppy, your pretty boy who takes care of himself
還有那些比較會打扮自己,有“preppy預科生形象”的男孩
So the stereotypes are not so much about status
這些昵稱跟人的地位關系不大
They are a lot more about someone’s interest, what they are doing
更多的是形容他們的興趣愛好,描述他們平常做什么事
Something having to do with their personality
有時也和他們的性格有關
The jock of course has to play some sport, or he has to be very built, that’s the image of the jock
“Jock運動帥哥”必須要參與某項運動,身材必須非常好,不然就不是Jock
But then, for the Gaofushuai or the Baifumei, it’s still very much linked to status
但是高富帥和白富美呢,這些昵稱是根據人的地位設定的
So what does that say about Chinese culture?
這能讓我們對中國現在的社會文化有什么樣的聯想?
What does that say about the culture in the United States?
這能讓我們對美國的社會文化有什么聯想?
Well we need to go back to stereotypes
我們首先要回到“stereotype昵稱”的定義上
Stereotypes are a way that we can create an image of someone
“stereotype昵稱”讓我們能對一個人有一種感受
It’s a preconceived notion that we have
有一個先決的概念
Oh, someone who is this would probably do this, and this, and this
讓我們覺得某個人一定會做這件事,或者那件事
So it’s nothing too specific, it’s just a label
它不太具體,只是一個模糊的標簽
So that label, what’s the focus of it?
那這個標簽專注的方向是什么?
In the US, again, it’s that person’s interest
在美國,人們更愿意通過興趣來打標簽
So if you are trying to extract a little bit of information from the stereotypes in China
如果我們對中國常用的“Stereotype昵稱”做一些分析
That idea of status still comes up
我們看到,被強調的是地位
So, this is again me talking to one of my friends in China
記得有一次跟一個中國朋友聊天
He was telling me that he was talking to his parents about ohh
他在跟我描述一次他跟他父母的對話
How he’s almost ready to marry his girlfriend and so on
他說他基本上準備好跟他的女朋友談婚姻了
And he thought his parents were going to tell him
他以為他的父母會因為一些理由阻止他
Oh, he needs to finish with school, you need to do this first and so on
比如他還沒從學校畢業,或者是還有沒處理的事情要做什么的
But, unexpectedly the things that his parents were telling him were
但是我沒想到他父母當時跟他說的話是
Oh, you don’t have a house, oh, you don’t have a car, oh, you don’t have this
你還沒有房子,你還沒有車,等等
Or you are not stable yet, or you don’t have that status yet
又或者是你現在還不穩定,還沒有地位
So it all goes back to this idea of standing
最后還是身份的概念
Like is that person stable? What’s their status in society?
一個人穩不穩定,他在社會里是什么地位
Looking at it from a different perspective in other countries
讓我們換個視角,看看其他國家
Again I’m going to take the States as an example for this one
我還是先拿美國做例子
What makes or breaks a relationship is really the personality
一段關系是否能持續更多的還是看性格
Does the personality of the girlfriend and the boyfriend align with each other?
要看男朋友和女朋友的性格是否合得來
Can the girlfriend get along with the boyfriend’s mother?
或者是女朋友是否能夠男朋友的母親相處融洽
These are the things that tend to either break a make a relationship
這些可能會對感情的影響更大一些
It’s less about having a car, it’s less about having a house
大家并不會一上來就討論車,或者討論房子
These are the decisions that people usually make after they get married
因為他們認為這些應該是結婚后再一起去考慮的事情
That’s what I personally notice from looking at my friends, acquaintances, so on
這是我個人從身邊的朋友和熟人身上感覺到的
So are stereotyping someone a good thing or a bad thing?
所以通過標簽來看待一個人,是好還是不好呢?
We don’t have a choice in a way
有的時候我們沒得選
Because you meet someone for the first time, your instincts are to pretty much judge that person
當你第一次見某人,你的本能會讓你先通過他的標簽判斷他是什么樣的人
And you are going to take all the notions that you have
你會利用你腦子里已有的所有概念去做這個判斷
So if you take someone from Haiti, where I grew up when I was younger
比如,在我長大的地方,海地
You put someone who’s Chinese in front of them
如果一個海地人看到一個中國人
They probably have never met someone who’s Chinese
概率上講這很可能是他見到的第一個中國人
So the first thing that’s going to pop up in their mind is going to be Jackie Chan
他第一個會想到的是成龍
Second thing, probably Bruce Lee
第二個會想到的,李小龍
So not everyone in China is Jackie Chan or Bruce Lee
當然,并不是所有中國人都是成龍或李小龍
But that’s the preconceived image that they have
但這是他們腦子里已有的概念
Going over that image is the good thing because you are not stuck to this image
當然,人們應該跳過這個概念,不應該以貌取人
If it’s a very bad image
因為如果這個概念本身是負面的
you are giving this person a very bad identity without even knowing them
你在不認識這個人的時候已經有了成見
That’s the danger in stereotyping someone
這是身份昵稱的壞處
On the opposite end, it gives you an idea
當然它也有一定的好處,它讓你對某人有個大概的概念
And it’s also a great way to joke around with friends, if not abused
如果不濫用的話,也是一個很好的跟朋友鬧著玩的方法
But what I want to leave with you guys is probably a simple question
最后,我想問大家一個簡單的問題
From your perspective, stereotypes in China, what do you think they are pointing out exactly?
你認為在中國,人們常用的身份昵稱所指出的是什么?
Status? Or that person’s personality?
地位?還是一個人的性格?
If you have any questions or comments, feel free to find me on Talkways, or on Weibo
如果你有任何問題或感想,請來在聊世界找我,或者關注我的微博